The Agent Payments protocol (AP2) is an open-source standard from Google to enable secure, compliant AI agent payments, allowing automated assistants to conduct transactions with merchants, payment providers, and users through a shared messaging and settlement framework.
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Enables secure, compliant payments between AI agents and merchants.
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Backed by crypto firms (Coinbase, Ethereum Foundation, MetaMask) and payments firms (PayPal, American Express).
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Designed to extend Google’s Agent2Agent (A2A) protocol and support agent-driven commerce at scale.
Agent Payments protocol explained — learn how AP2 enables secure AI agent payments and what companies back it. Read the practical implications now.
What is the Agent Payments protocol?
The Agent Payments protocol (AP2) is an open, extensible standard that defines messages and flows for secure, compliant transactions between AI agents, merchants, and payment providers. AP2 enables AI-driven payments by specifying authentication, authorization, and settlement steps so agents can complete purchases autonomously.
How does AP2 integrate with existing agent standards?
AP2 is explicitly designed as an extension to Google’s Agent2Agent (A2A) protocol and Merchant Commerce Protocol (MCP). It maps payment intents and confirmations into standard agent messages, allowing AI agents to request quotes, obtain user consent, execute payments, and receive receipts. The design supports multiple rails including traditional payments and crypto-based settlement mechanisms.
Announcing Agent Payments Protocol (AP2), an open, shared protocol that provides a common language for secure, compliant transactions between agents and merchants. AP2 can be used as an extension of the A2A protocol and MCP. Learn how it works ↓ — Google Cloud Tech (September 16, 2025)
Why does AP2 matter for AI agent payments?
Front-loaded for impact: AP2 creates interoperability between agents and payment ecosystems. By standardizing message formats and consent models, AP2 reduces integration friction for merchants, payment providers, and wallet vendors. This lowers the cost and risk of enabling AI agents to transact on behalf of users.
Who is backing AP2?
AP2 is supported by a mix of crypto and payments organizations. Supporting participants include Coinbase, Ethereum Foundation, Mysten Labs (Sui), MetaMask, Eigen Labs (EigenLayer), PayPal, American Express, and Etsy. These participants provide protocol feedback, reference implementations, and integration pathways. (Source references noted as plain text.)
How will AP2 affect merchants and payments providers?
Merchants gain a standard API surface for agent-initiated purchases. Payments providers receive clearer consent records and machine-readable receipts, improving compliance and dispute handling. AP2 also encourages multi-rail settlement options, enabling merchants to accept fiat or crypto settlements while preserving reconciliation workflows.
What are the core technical components of AP2?
AP2 defines: (1) payment intent messages, (2) user consent and authentication flows, (3) quoting and price confirmation, (4) settlement status notifications, and (5) receipts and refund messages. Each component is designed to be auditable and extensible for jurisdictional compliance and anti-fraud controls.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will AP2 change how wallets and wallets providers operate?
Wallet providers will need to support AP2 consent flows and message signing. This allows wallets to act as identity and payment authorizers for AI agents while preserving user control and private key security.
Is AP2 open-source and auditable?
Yes. AP2 is published as an open protocol specification to enable public review, community audits, and multiple reference implementations to foster interoperability and trust.
Key Takeaways
- Interoperability: AP2 standardizes agent-to-merchant payment messaging to reduce friction.
- Multi-rail: Supports both fiat and crypto settlement choices for merchants and providers.
- Adoption: Backed by major crypto and payments organizations, increasing practical deployment momentum.
Conclusion
The Agent Payments protocol (AP2) extends agent interoperability by adding payments, consent, and settlement primitives that let AI agents complete transactions securely and compliantly. With backing from prominent crypto and payments firms, AP2 aims to accelerate agent-driven commerce while preserving merchant and user controls. Monitor official specifications and reference implementations for integration guidance.
