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The recent report from Cornerstone Research highlights a significant decline in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) crypto-related enforcement actions in 2024.
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This drop comes during the tenure of former Chair Gary Gensler, who oversaw a notable ramp-up in regulatory actions prior to his exit.
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According to Cornerstone, “The SEC’s enforcement strategy under Gensler has shifted dramatically, with an emphasis on fraud and securities violations dominating the landscape,” reflecting a still-evolving regulatory environment.
This article analyzes the SEC’s declining crypto enforcement actions under former Chair Gary Gensler, assessing implications for the industry and future regulation.
Decline in SEC Crypto Enforcement Actions: Key Insights
In a marked shift from previous years, the SEC initiated only 33 crypto-related enforcement actions in its last year under Gary Gensler, according to a report by Cornerstone Research. This figure represents a 30% drop from the 47 actions filed in 2023, which was characterized as the peak for crypto enforcement under Gensler’s leadership. This decline suggests a recalibration within the agency as it navigates the complex and evolving landscape of digital currencies and blockchain technologies.
Understanding the SEC’s Enforcement Actions Breakdown
The research indicates that a total of 90 defendants were charged in 2024, involving 57 individuals and 33 firms. This highlights the SEC’s sustained focus on addressing fraudulent activities within the crypto space, which constituted 73% of the allegations. Notably, accusations surrounding unregistered securities offerings followed closely, accounting for 58% of cases. Furthermore, there was a over 50% reduction in administrative proceedings, signaling perhaps a strategic shift in how the agency prioritizes its regulatory response.
Record Monetary Penalties Imposed in the Crypto Sector
Despite the decrease in the number of enforcement actions, monetary penalties reached a staggering almost $5 billion in 2024. This figure was largely driven by the SEC’s $4.5 billion settlement with Terraform Labs, marking a record high in penalties related to crypto industry participants. The substantial fines demonstrate the agency’s ongoing commitment to penalizing severe violations, indicating that while the frequency of cases may drop, the severity of outcomes remains significant.
Insights on Future Enforcement Strategies Under New Leadership
As the SEC transitions to new leadership under Acting Chair Mark Uyeda, early indications suggest a change in focus and regulatory approach. On his first day in office, Uyeda canceled Staff Accounting Bulletin 121, which required financial institutions holding crypto assets to classify them as liabilities. This decision reflects a potential shift towards creating a more favorable environment for crypto firms operating in the U.S., which many observers argue has become increasingly challenging under previous administrations.
Changing Landscape of Crypto Regulation
The SEC has taken action in response to the evolving characteristics of the crypto market. Since 2013, around 47% of the SEC’s 207 enforcement actions involved initial coin offerings (ICOs) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs). As the market evolves, regulators may continue to revise their approaches based on emerging trends and technologies within the sector.
Conclusion
The decline in SEC enforcement actions under Gensler suggests an evolving regulatory landscape that could signal more flexible policy making in the future. As economic conditions shift and new leadership emerges, it remains crucial for stakeholders in the crypto industry to stay informed about potential changes and adapt their strategies accordingly. Understanding these dynamics will be key as firms navigate the complex web of compliance in the ever-changing domain of digital currencies.
